Abstract:
Measurements were collected during the 92 day lab-based experiment carried out on replicate macrofaunal mesocosms of Astarte crenata, Ctenodiscus crispatus, Cistenides hyperborea from the Western Barents Sea and Aequiyoldia eightsi and Laternula elliptica from Rothera Point, Antarctic Peninsula. Macrofauna were collected on cruise JR18006 in the Western Barents Sea and by hand during scuba dives in the cove adjacent to Rothera research station. Experimental measurements include carbonate chemistry indices measured in water samples; carbon dioxide concentration levels; benthic invertebrate response rate, burial rate, sediment particle reworking, bioirrigation, and associated nutrient concentrations; benthic invertebrate body size and individual biomass; sediment organic material content, and sediment particle size.
Supported by the INSPIRE Doctoral Training Partnership programme (grant NE/S007210/1) and 'The Changing Arctic Ocean Seafloor (ChAOS) - how changing sea ice conditions impact biological communities, biogeochemical processes and ecosystems' project (NE/N015894/1 and NE/P006426/1, 2017/2021), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) in the UK.
Keywords:
Antarctic, Arctic, bioirrigation, bioturbation, climate change, ecosystem function, experiment, mesocosm experiment
Williams, T.J., Reed, A.J., Peck, L.S., Godbold, J.A., & Solan, M. (2023). Measurements for a 92 day climate manipulation experiment on replicate macrofaunal mesocosms collected on the cruise JR18006 in the Western Barents Sea and at Rothera research station in 2019 (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/7adc7b14-abae-4ab9-b60b-b9b6e0e9f320
| Access Constraints: | Under embargo until publication of associated article. |
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| Use Constraints: | This data is governed by the NERC data policy http://www.nerc.ac.uk/research/sites/data/policy/ and supplied under Open Government Licence v.3 http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/. |
| Creation Date: | 2023-06-18 |
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| Dataset Progress: | Complete |
| Dataset Language: | English |
| ISO Topic Categories: |
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| Parameters: |
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| Personnel: | |
| Name | UK Polar Data Centre |
| Role(s) | Metadata Author |
| Organisation | British Antarctic Survey |
| Name | Thomas J Williams |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | University of Southampton |
| Name | Adam J Reed |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | University of Southampton |
| Name | Prof Lloyd S Peck |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | British Antarctic Survey |
| Name | Jasmin A Godbold |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | University of Southampton |
| Name | Martin Solan |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | University of Southampton |
| Parent Dataset: | N/A |
| Reference: | Robbins, L. L., Hansen, M. E., Kleypas, J. A., & Meylan, S. C. (2010). CO2calc: A User Friendly Carbon Calculator foe Windows, Mac OS X and iOS (iPhone). United States Geological Survey, 1280, 1210-1280. https://doi.org/10.3133/OFR20101280 Williams TJ, Reed AJ, Peck LS, Godbold JA, Solan, M. Intra- and interspecific differences in trait expression moderate benthic functioning in regions of rapid climate transition. [submitted for publication] |
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| Quality: | Standard protocols were followed and data entry double checked by independent person. Missing values for behavioural activity (response rate, burial rate) relate to the individual not completing the associated activity within the 60 minute timeframe. Missing biomass data is due to mortalities. Original unedited raw videos and processed, stitched together timelapses are provided. Original unedited raw fSPI images and processed, stitched together fSPI profiles are provided. 3 replicate water samples were taken for each independent treatment level in the experiments. Standards and blanks were utilised when analysing total alkalinity as per the HCl protocol. Standard protocols were followed and data entry double checked by independent person. LiCOR instruments were calibrated 3 months prior to the start of the experimental period. |
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| Lineage: | Individuals of Astarte crenata, Ctenodiscus crispatus and Cistenides hyperborea were obtained from replicate SMBA (Scottish Marine Biological Association) box cores and 15 minute Agassiz trawls in the Barents Sea (stations B13, 74.3 degrees N, 30.0 degrees E; B16, 80.3 degrees N, 30.0 degrees E; JCR18006, RSS James Clark Ross) in July 2019. Individuals of the Aequiyoldia eightsi and Laternula elliptica were collected by SCUBA-assisted divers at Rothera Point, Adelaide Island, West Antarctic Peninsula (67.3 degrees S, 68.1 degrees W) in March-April 2019. Surficial sediment (less than 5 cm depth) for the Arctic species was collected using SMBA box cores at stations B13, B14 (76.3 degrees N, 30.3 degrees E) and B16 in July 2019 and, for the Antarctic species, by hand from the Hamble, UK (50.9 degrees N, 1.3 degrees W). Sediment was sieved (500 micrometer mesh) within a seawater bath to retain the fine fraction and remove macrofauna and debris. Species were distributed across 42 clear acrylic aquaria (internal LWH: 12 x 12 x 33 cm, 3 replicates treatment-1: species × location × climate scenario), designed to accommodate the appropriate density (Arctic, 2 ind. mesocosm-1; Antarctic, 1 ind. Mesocosm-1; size and burrowing requirements of each species (sediment depth: A. crenata, C. crispatus & C. hyperborea, 16 cm; A. eightsi, 12cm; L. elliptica, 19cm), and exposed to ambient (1 ± 0.5°C, around 400 ppm [CO2]) and indicative near-future (3 +/- 0.5 degrees Celsius, around 550 ppm [CO2]) environmental conditions. Aquaria were randomly placed within one of two insulated seawater reservoirs (LWH: 1.2 x 1.2 x 0.8m, Tanks Direct, UK). All aquaria were overlain with seawater (salinity 33, 10 micrometer sand filtered, UV sterilized) to a combined sediment and water depth of 31 cm and maintained in the dark. After acclimation to ambient mesocosm conditions (21 days, 09-29/09/2019), the water temperature and atmospheric CO2 of the aquaria in the future treatment was gradually increased at 0.5 degrees Celsius and 50 ppm increments every 7 days to reach the desired near-future climate conditions. During both the acclimation and experimental period (92 days, 21/10/2019 - 21/01/2020), C. crispatus and C. hyperborea were fed ad libitum once a week with commercially available fish food (Aquarian Tropical Flake; 0.03 g), and A. crenata, A. eightsi and L. elliptica were fed ad libitum three times per week with 100 ml of precultured phytoplankton (33:33:33 mix, Isochrysis sp., Tetraselmis sp., and Phaeodactylum sp.; Algal Culture Laboratory, National Oceanography Centre Southampton). To avoid accumulation of excess food and associated nutrients, partial seawater changes (weekly 50 percentage seawater exchange) were undertaken. Temperature, pH, salinity and total alkalinity were periodically measured across all experimental mesocosms (T,pH,S: weekly, AT: week 2, week 6, week 11). Total alkalinity analysis followed the standard HCl titration protocol of the Carbonate Facility at the University of Southampton. From which, DIC, [pCO2], [calcite], [aragonite], [HCO3] and [CO3] were calculated using the CO2calc software. CO2(ppm), H2O(ppt), H2O(C), Cell_Temperature(C), Cell_Pressure(kPa), CO2_Absorption and H2O_Absorption were measured continuously in the ambient air and future climate regime gas mixture from the start (21/10/2019) to end (21/01/2020) of the experimental period. All measurements were calculated using an Infra-red gas analyzer LiCOR LI-820 model and recorded using the interface software on a standard laptop. Behavioural activity was quantified using measurements of movement and burial behaviour at the sediment surface. Individuals (morphology, +/- 0.01 mm; blotted wet weight, +/- 0.001 g) were placed in temperature-acclimatised viewing trays containing sediment (depth 5 cm) overlain with sea water (depth 3 cm) and viewed (less than or equal to 60 minutes) with a benchtop video camera (Logitech C920 HD Pro Webcam, 1080p). The time taken for each individual to initiate movement (response time, s) and to complete burial (burial time, s) was recorded (SkyStudioPro time-lapse software; 3 frame s-1, autosave every 300 frames) and analysed frame by frame (VLC Media Player). Faunal mediated sediment particle reworking metrics were estimated at the end of the experimental period by establishing the redistribution of optically distinct particulate tracers (luminophores: 30g aquaria-1, fluorescent green, 125 - 250µm silica sand,; Glass Pebbles Ltd., UK). Luminophores were evenly distributed across the sediment surface immediately after the partial seawater change. After 12 days, images (RGB colour, JPEG compression) of the vertical redistribution of luminophores were taken from each side of each aquarium using a digital SLR camera. Extracted profile data was obtained using a custom-made semi-automated macro that runs in ImageJ (version 1.47s, released 3rd June, 2013), a java-based public domain program developed at the US National Institutes of Health (http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/index.html). The ventilatory behaviour of the infauna (bioirrigation) was estimated from absolute changes in the concentration (10mM, 1.0289g NaBr dissolved per 1l seawater mesocosm-1) of the inert tracer sodium bromide (Delta [Br-], mg L-1; negative values indicate increased infaunal ventilatory activity) over an 8 h period on day 12, determined using a Tecator flow injection auto-analyser (FIA Star 5010 series). Accumulated water column concentrations (delta micromol L-1) of NH4-N, NOx-N (i.e. NO3-N + NO-N) and PO4-P were determined at the start and end of the experimental period from standardized samples (taken from the centre of each mesocosm at around 5cm depth, 0.45 micrometer NALGENE filtered) following standard protocols using a Lachat Quikchem 8500 flow-injection auto-analyser. Sediment was analysed using a Malvern Mastersizer 2000 He-Ne LASER diffraction sizer for sediment particle size at the University of Cambridge following a standard protocol (provided). Sediment organic material content (percentage) was analysed at the University of Cambridge following a standard protocol (provided). Full descriptions and additional information provided in Williams et al. [submitted for publication] in main manuscript and supplementary information. |
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| Temporal Coverage: | |
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| Start Date | 2019-09-21 |
| End Date | 2020-01-21 |
| Spatial Coverage: | |
| Latitude | |
| Southernmost | 50.9 |
| Northernmost | 50.9 |
| Longitude | |
| Westernmost | 1.3 |
| Easternmost | 1.3 |
| Altitude | |
| Min Altitude | N/A |
| Max Altitude | N/A |
| Depth | |
| Min Depth | N/A |
| Max Depth | N/A |
| Latitude | |
| Southernmost | 74.3 |
| Northernmost | 80.3 |
| Longitude | |
| Westernmost | 30 |
| Easternmost | 30 |
| Altitude | |
| Min Altitude | N/A |
| Max Altitude | N/A |
| Depth | |
| Min Depth | N/A |
| Max Depth | N/A |
| Latitude | |
| Southernmost | -67.3 |
| Northernmost | -67.3 |
| Longitude | |
| Westernmost | -68.1 |
| Easternmost | -68.1 |
| Altitude | |
| Min Altitude | N/A |
| Max Altitude | N/A |
| Depth | |
| Min Depth | N/A |
| Max Depth | N/A |
| Data Resolution: | |
| Latitude Resolution | N/A |
| Longitude Resolution | N/A |
| Horizontal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Vertical Resolution | Morphology - 10 microns |
| Vertical Resolution Range | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Latitude Resolution | N/A |
| Longitude Resolution | N/A |
| Horizontal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Vertical Resolution | Biomass - nearest milligram |
| Vertical Resolution Range | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Latitude Resolution | N/A |
| Longitude Resolution | N/A |
| Horizontal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Vertical Resolution | Particle redist 74 micrometer |
| Vertical Resolution Range | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Latitude Resolution | N/A |
| Longitude Resolution | N/A |
| Horizontal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Vertical Resolution | N/A |
| Vertical Resolution Range | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution | Behavioural activity - second |
| Temporal Resolution Range | 1 second - < 1 minute |
| Latitude Resolution | N/A |
| Longitude Resolution | N/A |
| Horizontal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Vertical Resolution | Nutrient conc - 2dp |
| Vertical Resolution Range | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Latitude Resolution | N/A |
| Longitude Resolution | N/A |
| Horizontal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Vertical Resolution | Sediment weight - 3 dp |
| Vertical Resolution Range | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Latitude Resolution | N/A |
| Longitude Resolution | N/A |
| Horizontal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Vertical Resolution | Laser-particle 0.03-2000microm |
| Vertical Resolution Range | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution | N/A |
| Temporal Resolution Range | N/A |
| Location: | |
| Location | N/A |
| Detailed Location | Hamble, UK |
| Location | Barents Sea |
| Detailed Location | Barents Sea, Antarctic |
| Location | Antarctica |
| Detailed Location | Rothera Point, Antarctic Peninsula |
| Data Collection: | Behaviour: Logitech C920 HD Pro Webcam, 1080p Behaviour: SkyStudioPro time-lapse software V 1.1.0.30 Behaviour: VLC Media Player V 3.0.12 Sediment particle reworking: Canon 400D digital SLR camera Sediment particle reworking: ImageJ (version 1.47s) Bioirrigation: Tecator flow injection auto-analyser (FIA Star 5010 series) Nutrients: Lachat Quikchem 8500 flow-injection auto-analyser Total Alkalinity: Apollo SciTech Alkalinity Titrator AS-ALK2 Salinity: WTW (TM) TetraCom (TM) 325 Standard temperature-conductivity combination electrode Temperature: NBS scale, Mettler-Toledo InLab Expert Pro temperature-pH combination electrode pH: NBS scale, Mettler-Toledo InLab Expert Pro temperature-pH combination electrode pCO2, CO3, HCO3, Ωcalcite, Ωaragonite, TCO2: Calculated using the CO2calc software [version 4.0.9] CO2(ppm), H2O(ppt), H2O(C), Cell_Temperature(C), Cell_Pressure(kPa), CO2_Absorption and H2O_Absorption : Infra-red gas analyzer LiCOR Li-820 CO2(ppm), H2O(ppt), H2O(C), Cell_Temperature(C), Cell_Pressure(kPa), CO2_Absorption and H2O_Absorption: ACER laptop CO2(ppm), H2O(ppt), H2O(C), Cell_Temperature(C), Cell_Pressure(kPa), CO2_Absorption and H2O_Absorption: LiCOR Windows software Sediment: Malvern Mastersizer 2000 He-Ne LASER diffraction sizer |
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| Distribution: | |
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| Distribution Media | N/A |
| Distribution Size | 316 files, 693 MB |
| Distribution Format | N/A |
| Fees | N/A |
| Data Storage: | /Experimental_Measurements - 2 files; Tabular; .csv Behavioural_activity.csv [2KB] Column headings: climate: climate regime treatment region: Region of which the macrofauna were sampled from station: station reference (B13,B16, Rothera) species: species identity replicate_ind: replicate individual reference response_time_secs: time taken to initiate movement in seconds burial_time_secs: time taken to completely rebury into the sediment in seconds Ecosystem_process_&_functioning.csv [7KB] Column headings: climate: climate regime treatment region: Region of which the macrofauna were sampled from station: station reference (B13,B16, Rothera) species: species identity replicate_mscm: replicate mesocosm reference Lmean_mm: mean mixed depth in millimeters Lmed_mm: median mixed depth in millimeters Lmax_mm: maximum mixed depth in millimeters SBR_mm: surface boundary roughness in millimeters dBr8_mgL: change in bromide concentration after 8 hours in mg L-1 on day 12 of the luminophore incubation dNH4_lnRR: log response ratio of change in concentration of mesocosm water column NH4 in uM over experimental period dNO2_lnRR: log response ratio of change in concentration of mesocosm water column NO2 in uM over experimental period dNO2_lnRR_negative: log response ratio of change in concentration of mesocosm water column NO2 in uM over experimental period (multiplied by -1) dNO3_lnRR: log response ratio of change in concentration of mesocosm water column NO3 in uM over experimental period dNO3_lnRR_negative: log response ratio of change in concentration of mesocosm water column NO3 in uM over experimental period (multipled by -1). dPO4_lnRR: log response ratio of change in concentration of mesocosm water column PO4 in uM over experimental period T_Biomass_g: total biomass of the replicate mesocosm in grams /Carbonate_chemistry - 1 file; Tabular; .csv CO2calc_chemistry.csv [16 KB] Column Headings: aquarium: replicate monoculture macrofaunal aquarium sampled from species: species identity of monoculture macrofaunal aquarium climate: climate regime treatment of experiment week: week of experimental period sample was taken sample_id: sample identifier salinity: salinity of mesocosm water in psu temperature_C: temperature of mesocosm water in Celsius AT_umol.KgSW-1: total alkalinity of mesocosm water in micro-mol.kgSW-1 pH: pH of mesocosm water pCO2_uAtm: partial pressure of CO2 in micro-Atm CO3_umol.KgSW-1: CO3 concentration of mesocosm water in micro-mol.kgSW-1 HCO3_micro-mol.kgSW-1: HCO3 concentration of mesocosm water in micro-mol.kgSW-1 calcite_umol.kgSW-1: calcite saturation state of mesocosm water in micro-mol.kgSW-1 aragonite_umol.kgSW-1: aragonite saturation state of mesocosm water in micro-mol.kgSW-1 TCO2_umol.kgSW-1: total CO2 concentration of mesocosm water in micro-mol.kgSW-1 /CO2_LiCOR - 2 files;.txt CO2_concentrations_Amb_treatment.txt [15.7MB] Column headings: Date (Y-M-D): Date of reading in Year-Month-Day format Time(H:M:S): Time of reading in Hour:Minute:Second format CO2(ppm): Atmospheric CO2 concentration in ppm H2O(ppt): Atmospheric H2O concentration in ppt H2O(C): H2O dewpoint temperature in Celsius Cell_Temperature(C): Temperature in optical cell in Celsius Cell_Pressure(kPa): Pressure in optical cell in kPA CO2_Absorption: CO2 absorption H2O_Absorption: H2O absorption CO2_concentrations_Fut_treatment.txt [130.7 MB] Column headings: Date (Y-M-D): Date of reading in Year-Month-Day format Time(H:M:S): Time of reading in Hour:Minute:Second format CO2(ppm): Atmospheric CO2 concentration in ppm H2O(ppt): Atmospheric H2O concentration in ppt H2O(C): H2O dewpoint temperature in Celsius Cell_Temperature(C): Temperature in optical cell in Celsius Cell_Pressure(kPa): Pressure in optical cell in kPA CO2_Absorption: CO2 absorption /fSPI_images /Processed Processed, stitched together profiles | 42 image files | 810 KB - 1.2MB | /Raw Original, unedited raw images | 168 image files | 2.4 MB - 2.8 MB | READ_ME.txt | 2 KB Please see README file for Raw Image and Stitched Profile filename format /luminophore_profiles Luminophore profile data files | 42 csv files | 44 KB - 102 KB | Column headings: depth_pixels: the vertical distance in pixels from the sediment-water interface depth_mm: the vertical distance in mm from the sediment-water interface (= depth_pixels x conversion) relative_counts: the relative number of luminophores across the whole profile found at that depth layer (from zero to 1, 1 being all luminophores across the whole profile found at that depth layer). Relative counts are calculated from stitched images of 4 sides of an aquarium. conversion: the conversion factor from pixels to mm READ_ME.txt | 2 KB Please see README file for filename format /macrofauna_videos /Processed Processed, stitched together videos | 9 mp4 files | 8.2 MB - 106 MB | /Raw Original, unedited raw videos | 34 mp4 files | 9 KB - 1.8 MB | READ_ME.txt | 2 KB Please see README file for Raw Videos and Processed, Stitched Timelapse filename format /macrofauna_morphology - 2 files; Tabular; .csv Macrofaunal_inital_morphology.csv [5KB] Column headings: mesocosm: mesocosm reference species: species identity climate: climate regime treatment region: Region of which the macrofauna were sampled from station: station reference (B13,B16, Rothera) replicate_ind: replicate individual reference length_mm: length measurement of bivalves, in mm height_mm: height measurement of bivalves, in mm width_mm: width measurement of bivalves, in mm arm_length_mm: arm length of Ctenodiscus crispatus, in mm pit_length_mm: pit length of Ctenodiscus crispatus, in mm cone_length_mm: cone length of Cistenides hyperborea, in mm anterior_aperture _mm: cone anterior aperture of Cistenides hyperborea, in mm biomass_g: blotted wet weight of macrofauna, in g Macrofaunal_final_morphology.csv [5KB] Column headings: mesocosm: mesocosm reference species: species identity climate: climate regime treatment region: Region of which the macrofauna were sampled from station: station reference (B13,B16, Rothera) replicate_ind: replicate individual reference length_mm: length measurement of bivalves, in mm height_mm: height measurement of bivalves, in mm width_mm: width measurement of bivalves, in mm arm_length_mm: arm length of Ctenodiscus crispatus, in mm pit_length_mm: pit length of Ctenodiscus crispatus, in mm cone_length_mm: cone length of Cistenides hyperborea, in mm anterior_aperture _mm: cone anterior aperture of Cistenides hyperborea, in mm biomass_g: blotted wet weight of macrofauna, in g /sediment_loi sediment_loi.csv [9KB] Column headings: mesocosm: mesocosm reference species: species identity climate: climate regime treatment region: Region of which the macrofauna were sampled from station: station reference (B13,B16, Rothera) sample_ID: sample identification reference crucible_g: weight of crucible in grams crucible_sediment_g: weight of crucible and sediment sample in grams sediment: net weight of sediment in grams crucible_sediment_105_g: weight of crucible and sediment sample after 105 degC in grams crucible_sediment_400_g: weight of crucible and sediment sample after 400 degC in grams crucible_sediment_480_g: weight of crucible and sediment sample after 480 degC in grams crucible_sediment_950_g: weight of crucible and sediment sample after 950 degC in grams sediment_105_g: net weight of sediment after 105 degC in grams sediment_400_g: net weight of sediment after 400 degC in grams sediment_480_g: net weight of sediment after 480 degC in grams sediment_950_g: net weight of sediment after 950 degC in grams loss_105_g: loss in grams after 105 degC loss_400_g: loss in grams after 400 degC loss_480_g: loss in grams after 480 degC loss_480-105_g: loss in grams between 480-105 degC loss_950_g: loss in grams after 950 degC water: percentage water content carbohydrate: percentage carbohydrate total_organic: percentage total organics carbon: percentage carbon CO2: percentage CO2 wtCaCO3: weight of CaCO3 in grams CaCO3: percentage CaCO3 mineral_residue: percentage mineral residue sediment_loi_protocol.txt [4KB] /sediment_particle_size sediment_particle_size_analysis.csv [14KB] Column headings: mesocosm: mesocosm reference species: species identity climate: climate regime treatment region: Region of which the macrofauna were sampled from station: station reference (B13,B16, Rothera) D43: the volume weighted mean in um inclusive_mean: inclusive mean in phi inclusive_kurtosis: inclusive kurtosis in phi inclusive_SD: inclusive standard deviation in phi inclusive_skewness: inclusive skewness in phi Below63um: percentage of sample less than 63 um less0.03uM: percentage of sample between 0.021-0.03 um less0.043uM: percentage of sample between 0.03-0.043 um less0.061uM: percentage of sample between 0.043-0.061 um less0.086uM: percentage of sample between 0.061-0.086 um less0.12uM: percentage of sample between 0.086-0.12 um less0.17uM: percentage of sample between 0.12-0.17 um less0.24uM: percentage of sample between 0.17-0.24 um less0.35uM: percentage of sample between 0.24-0.35 um less0.49uM: percentage of sample between 0.35-0.49 um less0.69uM: percentage of sample between 0.49-0.69 um less0.98uM: percentage of sample between 0.69-0.98 um less1.38uM: percentage of sample between 0.98-1.38 um less1.95uM: percentage of sample between 1.38-1.95 um less2.76uM: percentage of sample between 1.95-2.76 um less3.9uM: percentage of sample between 2.76-3.9 um less5.52uM: percentage of sample between 3.9-5.52 um less7.81uM: percentage of sample between 5.52-7.81 um less11.05uM: percentage of sample between 7.81-11.05 um less15.63uM: percentage of sample between 11.05-15.63 um less22.1uM: percentage of sample between 15.63-22.1 um less31.25uM: percentage of sample between 22.1-31.25 um less44.19uM: percentage of sample between 31.25-44.19 um less62.5uM: percentage of sample between 44.19-62.5 um less88.39uM: percentage of sample between 62.5-88.39 um less125uM: percentage of sample between 88.39-125 um less176.78uM: percentage of sample between 125-176.78 um less250uM: percentage of sample between 176.78-250 um less353.55uM: percentage of sample between 250-353.55 um less500uM: percentage of sample between 353.55-500 um less707.1uM: percentage of sample between 500-707.1 um less1000uM: percentage of sample between 707.1-1000 um less1414.21uM: percentage of sample between 1000-1414.21 um less2000uM: percentage of sample between 1414.21-2000 um sediment_particle_size_protocol.txt [4KB] |