Sea ice in Antarctica and the Arctic - 30-year baseline compared to recent 10-year average
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Distribution Information
Data Quality Information
Metadata:
File identifier:
2f5d882b-85b3-4be6-81fa-3d48d88ca29b
Language:
Language Code:
eng
Character set:
Character set code:
utf8
Hierarchy level:
Scope code:
product
Hierarchy level name:
product
Metadata author:
Responsible party:
Organisation name:
Anchor: xlink: https://ror.org/01rhff309 title: ror
Mapping and Geographic Information Centre, British Antarctic Survey
Contact info:
Contact:
Phone:
Telephone:
Voice:
+44 (0)1223 221400
Address:
Address:
Delivery point:
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road
City:
Cambridge
Administrative area:
Cambridgeshire
Postal code:
CB3 0ET
Country:
United Kingdom
Electronic mail address:
magic@bas.ac.uk
Online Resource:
Online Resource:
Linkage:
URL:
https://www.bas.ac.uk/teams/magic
Name:
Mapping and Geographic Information Centre (MAGIC) - BAS public website
Description:
General information about the BAS Mapping and Geographic Information Centre (MAGIC) from the British
Antarctic Survey (BAS) public website.
Function:
Online function code:
information
Role:
Role code:
pointOfContact
Date stamp:
2025-11-12
Metadata standard name:
ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
Metadata standard version:
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
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Identification info:
Data identification:
Citation:
Citation:
Title:
Sea ice in Antarctica and the Arctic - 30-year baseline compared to recent 10-year average
Date:
Date:
Date:
2025-11-10
Date type:
Date type code:
creation
Date:
Date:
Date:
2025-11-12
Date type:
Date type code:
publication
Date:
Date:
Date:
2025-11-12
Date type:
Date type code:
released
Edition:
1
Identifier:
RS Identifier:
Code:
Anchor: xlink: https://data.bas.ac.uk/items/2f5d882b-85b3-4be6-81fa-3d48d88ca29b
2f5d882b-85b3-4be6-81fa-3d48d88ca29b
Code Space:
data.bas.ac.uk
Identifier:
RS Identifier:
Code:
Anchor: xlink: https://data.bas.ac.uk/maps/1017
maps/1017
Code Space:
alias.data.bas.ac.uk
Other citation details:
Produced by the Mapping and Geographic Information Centre, British Antarctic Survey, 2025, version 1,
[https://data.bas.ac.uk/maps/1017](https://data.bas.ac.uk/maps/1017).
Abstract:
A 2 panel figure displaying sea ice extents around Antarctica and the Arctic. 30-year baseline averages
(1981-2010) are shown for summer and winter, overlaid with more recent 10-year averages (2013-2022).
The Antarctic panel also displays the Polar Front, a convergence between colder and warmer waters, moving
latitudinally with the season.
The panels are extracts from the following map:
> British Antarctic Survey, 2023. [Antarctica and the
Arctic](https://data-testing.data.bas.ac.uk/items/5c5d54a9-bb10-481b-985c-2e74dc65f0d2/), 1:10 000 000 scale
maps. BAS Miscellaneous Series, Sheets 15A and 15B, Edition 5. Cambridge, British Antarctic Survey.
Map projections: WGS84 Antarctic and Arctic Polar Stereographic projections.
> [!NOTE]
> The maps are shown at different scales to suit the data and differences in regions.
Data sources and references can be found in the lineage.
Purpose:
A 2 panel figure displaying sea ice extents around Antarctica and the Arctic, comparing a 30-year baseline
average with a more recent 10-year average.
Point of contact:
Responsible party:
Individual name:
Anchor: xlink: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1410-9122 title: orcid
Gerrish, Laura
Organisation name:
Anchor: xlink: https://ror.org/01rhff309 title: ror
British Antarctic Survey
Contact info:
Contact:
Phone:
Telephone:
Voice:
+44 (0)1223 221400
Address:
Address:
Delivery point:
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road
City:
Cambridge
Administrative area:
Cambridgeshire
Postal code:
CB3 0ET
Country:
United Kingdom
Electronic mail address:
lauger@bas.ac.uk
Online Resource:
Online Resource:
Linkage:
URL:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1410-9122
Name:
ORCID record
Description:
ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-driven effort to create and maintain a registry of unique
researcher identifiers and a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to
these identifiers.
Function:
Online function code:
information
Role:
Role code:
author
Point of contact:
Responsible party:
Individual name:
Anchor: xlink: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3557-4816 title: orcid
Skachkova, Aliaksandra
Organisation name:
Anchor: xlink: https://ror.org/01rhff309 title: ror
British Antarctic Survey
Contact info:
Contact:
Phone:
Telephone:
Voice:
+44 (0)1223 221400
Address:
Address:
Delivery point:
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road
City:
Cambridge
Administrative area:
Cambridgeshire
Postal code:
CB3 0ET
Country:
United Kingdom
Electronic mail address:
aliska@bas.ac.uk
Online Resource:
Online Resource:
Linkage:
URL:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3557-4816
Name:
ORCID record
Description:
ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-driven effort to create and maintain a registry of unique
researcher identifiers and a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to
these identifiers.
Function:
Online function code:
information
Role:
Role code:
author
Point of contact:
Responsible party:
Organisation name:
Anchor: xlink: https://ror.org/01rhff309 title: ror
Mapping and Geographic Information Centre, British Antarctic Survey
Contact info:
Contact:
Phone:
Telephone:
Voice:
+44 (0)1223 221400
Address:
Address:
Delivery point:
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road
City:
Cambridge
Administrative area:
Cambridgeshire
Postal code:
CB3 0ET
Country:
United Kingdom
Electronic mail address:
magic@bas.ac.uk
Online Resource:
Online Resource:
Linkage:
URL:
https://www.bas.ac.uk/teams/magic
Name:
Mapping and Geographic Information Centre (MAGIC) - BAS public website
Description:
General information about the BAS Mapping and Geographic Information Centre (MAGIC) from the
British Antarctic Survey (BAS) public website.
Function:
Online function code:
information
Role:
Role code:
pointOfContact
Resource maintenance:
Maintenance information:
Maintenance and update frequency:
Maintenance frequency code:
asNeeded
Maintenance note:
Progress code:
completed
Graphic overview:
BrowseGraphic:
File name:
https://cdn.web.bas.ac.uk/add-catalogue/0.0.0/img/items/2f5d882b-85b3-4be6-81fa-3d48d88ca29b/1017-thumbnail.jpg
File description:
General overview of resource
File type:
image/jpeg
Resource constraints:
Legal constraints:
Access constraints:
Restriction code:
unrestricted
Other constraints:
Anchor: xlink: #%5B%5D
Open Access (Anonymous)
Resource constraints:
Legal constraints:
Use constraints:
Restriction code:
license
Other constraints:
Anchor: xlink: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
This information is licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. To view this licence, visit
https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/.
Aggregation Info:
AggregateInformation:
Aggregate Data Set Identifier:
RS Identifier:
Code:
Anchor: xlink: https://data.bas.ac.uk/items/d0d91e22-18c1-4c7f-8dfc-20e94cd2c107
d0d91e22-18c1-4c7f-8dfc-20e94cd2c107
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Anchor: xlink: https://data.bas.ac.uk/items/5c5d54a9-bb10-481b-985c-2e74dc65f0d2
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data.bas.ac.uk
Association Type:
Association type code:
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Language:
Language Code:
eng
Character set:
Character set code:
utf8
Extent:
Extent:
Geographic element:
Geographic bounding box:
West bound longitude:
-180.0
East bound longitude:
180.0
South bound latitude:
-90.0
North bound latitude:
90.0
Temporal element:
Temporal extent:
Extent:
Time period:
Begin date:
1981
End date:
2022
Supplemental Information:
{"physical_size_width_mm": 290, "physical_size_height_mm": 165}
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Distribution info:
Distribution:
Distributor:
Distributor:
Distributor contact:
Responsible party:
Organisation name:
Anchor: xlink: https://ror.org/01rhff309 title: ror
Mapping and Geographic Information Centre, British Antarctic Survey
Contact info:
Contact:
Phone:
Telephone:
Voice:
+44 (0)1223 221400
Address:
Address:
Delivery point:
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road
City:
Cambridge
Administrative area:
Cambridgeshire
Postal code:
CB3 0ET
Country:
United Kingdom
Electronic mail address:
magic@bas.ac.uk
Online Resource:
Online Resource:
Linkage:
URL:
https://www.bas.ac.uk/teams/magic
Name:
Mapping and Geographic Information Centre (MAGIC) - BAS public website
Description:
General information about the BAS Mapping and Geographic Information Centre (MAGIC) from the
British Antarctic Survey (BAS) public website.
Function:
Online function code:
information
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Role code:
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Digital transfer options:
Units of distribution:
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Transfer size:
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Online Resource:
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URL:
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Name:
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Name:
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Function:
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Data quality info:
Data quality:
Scope:
Scope:
Hierarchy level:
Scope code:
product
Report:
Domain consistency:
Result:
Conformance result:
Specification:
Citation:
Title:
Anchor: xlink: https://metadata-standards.data.bas.ac.uk/profiles/magic-discovery-v1/
British Antarctic Survey (BAS) Mapping and Geographic Information Centre (MAGIC) Discovery
Metadata Profile
Date:
Date:
Date:
2024-11-01
Date type:
Date type code:
publication
Edition:
1
Cited responsible party:
Responsible party:
Organisation name:
Anchor: xlink: https://ror.org/01rhff309 title: ror
Mapping and Geographic Information Centre, British Antarctic Survey
Contact info:
Contact:
Phone:
Telephone:
Voice:
+44 (0)1223 221400
Address:
Address:
Delivery point:
British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road
City:
Cambridge
Administrative area:
Cambridgeshire
Postal code:
CB3 0ET
Country:
United Kingdom
Electronic mail address:
magic@bas.ac.uk
Online Resource:
Online Resource:
Linkage:
URL:
https://www.bas.ac.uk/teams/magic
Name:
Mapping and Geographic Information Centre (MAGIC) - BAS public website
Description:
General information about the BAS Mapping and Geographic Information Centre (MAGIC)
from the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) public website.
Function:
Online function code:
information
Role:
Role code:
publisher
Explanation:
Resource within scope of British Antarctic Survey (BAS) Mapping and Geographic Information Centre
(MAGIC) Discovery Metadata Profile.
Pass:
true
Lineage:
Lineage:
Statement:
Map produced in ArcGIS Pro and Adobe Illustrator.
Data sources:
* Sea ice extents: Fetterer, F., K. Knowles, W. N. Meier, M. Savoie, and A. K. Windnagel. (2017). Sea Ice
Index, Version 3, 1981-2010 median extents, monthly concentrations. Boulder, Colorado USA. National Snow
and Ice Data Center. doi:10.7265/N5K072F8. Date Accessed 16-Dec-2023. 2013-2022 median extents
calculated in-house from monthly concentrations using 15% ice concentration as the threshold for ice
edge. In the Antarctic panel, September median is used for winter and February median for winter. In the
Arctic, September is used for summer and March for winter.
* Polar front: Trathan, P. N., Brandon, M. A., Murphy, E. J. and Thorpe, S. E. 2000. Transport and
structure within the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to the north of South Georgia. Geophysical Research
Letters, 27, 1727-1730.
* Coastlines: data from the SCAR Antarctic Digital Database, 2022, and Natural Earth.
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