Abstract:
This dataset is a recording of passive seismic responses on Eastwind Glacier (Windless Bight, Ross Island, Antarctica), also containing 212 active-source seismic shots made with a hammer and plate source. The data are recorded using fibre optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), with a 2.2 km cable length connected into a FEBUS Optics A1 interrogator. The acquisitions take place over a two-hour period from 23:46 UTC on 2024-02-06, to 01:54 UTC on 2024-02-07. The acquisition is part of a broader campaign of seismic measurements to determine grounding line dynamics of Eastwind Glacier and image the bathymetry of the sub-shelf ocean cavity. The data were recorded as part of the ITGC TIME and EGGS ON TOAST projects, by a team from various UK and US institutions. The data are presented as HDF5 files. with supporting information provided in CSV files.
NERC/NSF International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration: Thwaites Interdisciplinary Margin Evolution (TIME), NE/S00677X/1 and NSF #1739027. Interrogator loaned from the University of Leeds Fibre Optic Facility under agreement UOL-FOF-0004.
Keywords:
Antarctica, ITGC, distributed acoustic sensing, glacier, seismology
Booth, A., Agnew, R., Pretorius, A., Pearce, E., Cameron, E., Hehlen, M., Karplus, M., May, D., Nakata, N., Seldon, Y., Summers, P., Tulaczyk, S., & Young, T. (2025). Passive- and active-source seismic data recorded with Distributed Acoustic Sensing on Eastwind Glacier, Antarctica, February 2024 (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/23dbd529-3a57-4933-bb9d-16ee1c85fda0
| Access Constraints: | Under embargo. |
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| Use Constraints: | Data supplied under Open Government Licence v3.0 http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/. |
| Creation Date: | 2025-08-04 |
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| Dataset Progress: | Complete |
| Dataset Language: | English |
| ISO Topic Categories: |
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| Parameters: |
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| Personnel: | |
| Name | UK Polar Data Centre |
| Role(s) | Metadata Author |
| Organisation | British Antarctic Survey |
| Name | Adam D Booth |
| Role(s) | Technical Contact, Investigator |
| Organisation | University of Leeds |
| Name | Ronan S Agnew |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | British Antarctic Survey |
| Name | Andrew M Pretorius |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | Zetica |
| Name | Emma Pearce |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | British Antarctic Survey |
| Name | Emma Cameron |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | University of St Andrews |
| Name | Mark Hehlen |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge |
| Name | Marianne Karplus |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | The University of Texas at El Paso |
| Name | Daniel May |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | Stanford University |
| Name | Norimitsu Nakata |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| Name | Yeshey Seldon |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | The University of Texas at El Paso |
| Name | Paul Summers |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey |
| Name | Slawek Tulaczyk |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | University of California, Santa Cruz |
| Name | Tun Jan Young |
| Role(s) | Investigator |
| Organisation | University of St Andrews |
| Parent Dataset: | N/A |
| Reference: | Agnew, Pearce et al. (2022). Active and passive seismic surveys over the grounding zone of Eastwind Glacier, Antarctica, Seismol. Res. Lett. XX, 1-24, (accepted). | |
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| Quality: | The location of shots is accurate to ~0.1 m. Energy from shots in raw data can be observed to offsets up to ~150 m from the shot location, which should improve when data are stacked. The shooting log indicates the quality of each hammer impact, as reported by the operator and ranked between 1-3 (3 being the highest quality): the aim was to record at least 5 shots of rank 3 at each location. Occasional double bounces are reported (numeric value 4), in which the hammer strikes twice in quick succession having not been caught after its initial impact: these should be rejected during data analysis as the waveform would complicate interpretation. Nonetheless, the files are still included in this archive to prevent gaps in the passive record. Other acquisition notes include comment on ambient noise in the data, notably where a nearby snowmobile engine was running at the time of shooting. The impact time of seismic shots is recorded to the nearest minute, such that they can be identified in the passive record. Data filenames inherently record the corresponding date and UTC time, taking the format EWG_ACTIVE_yyyy-mm-dd_hh-mm-ss_UTC.h5. |
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| Lineage/Methodology: | A 2.2 km length of Linden SPE-7196 single-mode fibre optic cable was deployed into a shallow (~30 cm deep) trench dug into snow, using a bespoke trenching sled towed behind a snowmobile. The cable was deployed in a zig-zag geometry (see cable coordinates and related datasets) through an array of nodal seismic receivers: the deployment facilitates data measurement along the long- and short-axis of the array, and along its diagonal. Installation was completed on 2024-02-05: snow was shovelled over the trench to reduce wind noise, and the cable was left to sinter into the snow to improve coupling, ahead of seismic shooting which commenced on 23:46 UTC on 2024-02-06. The cable was monitored using a Febus Optics A1-R interrogator (a Rayleigh backscatter instrument which measures the strain rate in the cable, thus the cable becomes a string of pseudo-geophones). The total length of cable connected into the interrogator is 3.4 km, comprising in order i) a 1 km launch lead (a buffering length of cable to ensure faithful amplitude recording along the length of the fibre under test), ii) the main 2.2 km of fibre under test, and iii) 0.2 km of redundant cable which remained on a spool. The A1-R interrogator records in a passive mode (i.e., continuous recording) while 212 active-source seismic shots were taken. These were taken at 35 locations along the length of the cable, using a 12 lb sledgehammer striking a 20 x 20 x 2 cm impact plate. Up to 10 repeat shots were taken at each location to facilitate stacking and increase signal to noise ratio, but the data are provided as unstacked records within the larger passive-source data volume. Documentation includes the quality of each shot as documented by the field crew, and any evident environmental / ambient noise source that was present while shooting was taking place (e.g., nearby snowmobile activity). |
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| Temporal Coverage: | |
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| Start Date | 2024-02-06 |
| End Date | 2024-02-07 |
| Spatial Coverage: | |
| Latitude | |
| Southernmost | -77.659 |
| Northernmost | -77.652 |
| Longitude | |
| Westernmost | 168.142 |
| Easternmost | 168.169 |
| Altitude | |
| Min Altitude | -20 m |
| Max Altitude | -2 m |
| Depth | |
| Min Depth | N/A |
| Max Depth | N/A |
| Location: | |
| Location | Antarctica |
| Detailed Location | Eastwind Glacier (Windless Bight), Ross Island |
| Data Collection: | Data recorded with FEBUS Optics A1 Interrogator, connected to Linden SPE-7196 single-mode fibre optic cable. Controlled seismic sources were generated by a 12 lb sledgehammer striking a 20 x 20 x 2 cm resin impact plate placed at the snow surface. Total cable length: 3400 m, of which 0-1000 m constitutes the launch cable, 1000-3200 m constitutes the main fibre under test, 3200-3400 m constitutes 200 m of redundant cable which remains on a spool, and Seismic shots at a 47 m interval along the cable, in the intervals 1000-2230 m and 2820-3200 m. |
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| Distribution: | |
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| Distribution Media | Online Internet (HTTP) |
| Distribution Size | 123 GB |
| Distribution Format | HDF |
| Fees | N/A |
| Data Storage: | There are 129 seismic data files in HDF5 format. Each HDF5 file contains recording parameters from the interrogator, with the seismic data themselves located at /fa1-21060062/Source1/Zone1/StrainRate. Each StrainRate file comprises 60 blocks of data, with dimensions 2125 channels (at 1.6 m intervals) x 2000 samples (at 0.001 s interval). Each block of data is 2 s long but, for redundancy in recording, there is a 1 s overlap between blocks (i.e., samples 1001 to 2000 in block n are identical to samples 1 to 1000 in block n+1). As such, each StrainRate file contains 60 s of useful recorded data. Each file is 973 MB in size, and the total archive is 123 GB. Two CSV files are included with the archive: Eastwind_shot_coordinates.csv contains the coordinates of each seismic shot, and the columns of this file correspond to: 1. Shot Index Number 2. UTM easting (m) 3. UTM northing (m) 4. Elevation (m) 5. Latitude (decimal degrees) 6. Longitude (decimal degrees) 7. Distance along the cable (m) 8. Number of shots at each location Eastwind_shot_times.csv contains details of each seismic shot, and the columns of this file correspond to: 1. Shot Index Number, consistent with Eastwind_shot_coordinates.csv 2. Stack Index Number, i.e., the running-total of shots at that shot index number 3. Datetime (yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm UTC) 4. Shot quality, ranked from 1-3 (3 being the best), and 4 meaning double bounce 5. Team member operating the hammer (initials) 6. Other notes |